China between development and democracy

China between development and democracy


Thesis of neoliberal thinking is that economic development requires the adoption of liberal values​​. the
China shows that it is a rule with few, important, except
A widely held theory of neoliberal thinking is that the economic development of any
country necessarily require the adoption of liberal values ​​and political and social systems
consequential.
The economic development of the market economy in China over the past thirty years shows
that it is a rule that enables at least some important exception.
Already in Japan of the Meiji era, and especially between the two world wars, there has been a great process
economic development in a context strongly authoritarian. More recently, another example is
comprising the balance of the Government of Singapore under Lee Kuan Yew, although in this case there
are faced with a very small geographical area.
Someone has also identified a possible analogy between the development of China today and that of the
Brazil sixties: are found in both cases, strong growth, a significant
increase in inequality, a decrease in the levels of poverty in the context of a
common policy framework authoritarian.
The comparison with India, the other major Asian power that is being developed with a regimen
democratic political this time, shows that the Chinese authoritarian model may prove even more
effective with regard to the rhythms of the annual growth.
You may possibly be so agree in general with Amartya Sen when he shows in his writings
probably not as there is a relationship between economic development and too light democracy.
From this point of view, one may question whether the views of those who suggest that one
authoritarian state facilitates the processes of development, both of whom, on the contrary, thinks it's democracy at
make them faster. In the first case, according to this hypothesis, for the reason that a regime
dictatorial would not need to "waste time" in carrying out unpopular reforms or, for
example, would be better able to pay low interest rates to use the resources
necessary to build the infrastructure; in the second, because the democratic system and the government
the law would be better suited to foster the development of globally competitive companies.
If, however, China has not become a democracy and has continued to grow, India
denied the prophecies of many who thought that it would not be able to maintain a
democratic regime, the fact that this would have been impossible in a country that had a
level of poverty and illiteracy so strong, then in the presence of so many languages, cultures, ethnicities,
religions, different castes.
Rather, it seems that the market economy needs to grow, to a certain environment
consolidated legal, at least as regards the economic relations - Law of Obligations,
contracts, business-, an area in which Chinese law, virtually non-existent
during the Maoist period, it is strongly changed since the eighties. It still seems that
is necessary, more in general, a certain "reliability" of the public bureaucratic structures,
thing in China is ensured in various ways, not excluding however the corruption.
It may be, however, doubt that democratic institutions - liberals are needed as
Exported document from www.sbilanciamoci.info 1 3almeno a certain level of economic development, a hypothesis that can be verified only in
a more or less near future.
You could, on the other hand, also remember, knocking in a way the arguments
neo-liberal, the growing contradiction that tends to occur today in developed countries between
hegemony on the very strong company by market economy in a phase
Advanced and operation of representative democracy.
The symptoms of the disease are present everywhere. So, In the United States, among other things, we have
record the presence of the Patriot Act, now several years old, as well as the crisis of
subprime, which has highlighted the dominance of the financial markets on the democratic life of the
country, today finally still the scandals of electronic espionage; Europe, meanwhile, the crisis
the euro has clearly shown how markets and the Brussels bureaucracy to the minimum base
also the most important democratic principles.
Then let us remember, as recently as JPMorgan, sniffing the zeitgeist (Spinelli, 2013), in a
his report of May 28 this year calls to order the democracies of Southern Europe,
weighted by the bank from civil and social rights, the constitutional protections of the rights of
workers, the right to protest if they dislike the proposed changes to the status quo.
"We have seen limited in their enforcement action by the constitution," says a
point the ratio of the bank.
At this point it seems that the model of the system which tend towards the Western countries and China
can also miraculously converge in the coming years.
Towards democracy in China?
You can not say, however, that in the last twenty five years nothing has happened in terms of
levels of political openness of the Chinese regime; in fact, as he wrote at the time Etienne
(Etienne, 2007): "... China has moved from a totalitarian state to an authoritarian system, which ...
continues to soften without excluding the returns of the stick ... ".
Have been developed significantly in recent decades, the freedom of the individual rather
that those policies directly. For example, this occurred for obtaining permits
of residence, mobility abroad, property rights, the dissolution of the control unit
work, or sexual intercourse. They have grown in recent years, the mechanisms of protest, in the form
widely tolerated. At the same time, and more generally, there has been a proliferation of
non-governmental organizations, signals somewhat of a creeping democratization.
It should be mentioned, directly political level, including the system of voting at the village level, which is
was reinforced by a 1998 law and which provides for the election of the head of the committee and
Village elections are held every three years and that the vote is secret, with a number of candidates
greater than the number of persons to be elected. They are known, however, of cases of local elections
"Wild" and the organization of the elections a few times for the popular assembly of
Beijing, they were also chosen independent candidates. Finally, every so often, in
statements by the leadership of the country, occurring openings towards democracy, both
well for a future unspecified.
We must also remember that even in China we are now in the presence of the media that
appear much freer than before, and who can write almost anything; remain prohibited criticism
the central government and the Communist Party. There has been talk recently also the feasibility
to organize free elections of union representatives at the large company Foxconn,
however, while the labor legislation has been softened a few years ago.
For some, the Chinese case, however, may follow, on the political front, the Singapore model
and even more so perhaps than in Taiwan.
Exported document from www.sbilanciamoci.info 2 of 3 In this last case we were actually in front of a one-party totalitarian and disciplined, the
Kuomintang, which ruled in the time a capitalist transformation, with the bodies of
party who had a very important role in managing the economy and of the same
businesses. The country also had an important sector of the state economy. instead of
follow a strategy of privatization of this area, it is instead allowed to non-
state to grow and quickly become a key driver of the economy. They are then
came before the civil rights and then democracy.
However, predict what will happen in terms of democratic rights in the coming years,
in China as from us, it is really a very difficult exercise. Maybe there is more to be feared
Italy for the Asian country.