The scandal of the funds of the blacks who accompanied SISDE , behind the scenes, a season of bombs and the transition to new institutional arrangements of the Republic. The characters involved. And the strange story of the "companion" Alberto Luzzi , son of the private secretary of the director of the Secret Service , the " Tsarina " Matilda Martucci .
One of the top management of the dramatic season that marked the end of so-called " First Republic " , was recorded on November 3, 1993, when at 22.30 , the then President of the Republic , Oscar Luigi Scalfaro , a fire in the center of the media that focused on the highest institution of the country, read unmessaggio Italians , unified networks . a speech remained in history for the alarming tone with which it was expressed throughout the drama of the institutional crisis :
In this game the massacre I'm not there , I feel obliged to stay there and not to give the alarm. I'm not there to defend my person , which can bow out at any time , but to protect , with all organs of the state, the constitutional institution of the Presidency of the Republic. The time remaining for the elections can not be consumed in the simmer , with the people who represent them, the institutions of the state. This my stance has no hidden intention to dismiss the election. My thought was clearly expressed on 4 October in Bologna , and is absolute, proper, substantial compliance with the referendum result that he wanted a new electoral law for it to be implemented. For this reason , even in the harshness of the disgusting unfair battle , my primary duty is not to give in to those who work in shambles . The democratic state , first of all . So my no all'insinuante and persistent attempt of a premeditated destruction of the State is a firm no and motivated. For this reason, at the moment , and I hope it's soon, I can legitimately be aware of the accusations made against my person, in the serene consciousness of having always served the State in full compliance with the law, will react with every legal means against anyone believed to have an attempt on my integrity . Let's get a shake to distinguish evil from the wickedness , baseness , falsehood by the plots of various kinds and sizes. The country belongs to everyone and everyone needs , but we must respond especially those that occupy the most vital responsibility and constitutionally essential to the life of the Republic. We are at a difficult passage to Italy and the Italian people. Does not deal with that responsibility and sacrifice, love for the homeland . In this we are called , this should answer.
The summer of terror
The speech of the President Scalfaro was perceived as a cry of alarm about what the public understood to be an attempt to discredit the highest office in the state, preceded by a long period of poisons and attacks from the dark matrix , with different methods and objectives by the offensive of the Cosa Nostra stragista unleashed a year before against the anti-mafia judges pool in Palermo.
On 14 May 1993, a white Fiat Uno , parked on a Faun in Rome , stuffed with fifty pounds of TNT , exploded to the passage of the popular television presenter Maurizio Costanzo , who was saved thanks to the armored car (between 23 wounded of the attack, an elderly woman died three days later .)
On May 27, thirteen days later, a bomb exploded aFirenze , by way of Lambertesca , near the Uffizied within walking distance of Piazza della Signoria. The explosive , a hundred pounds of TNT , was placed inside a van , provocòcinque dead, thirty wounded and considerable damage to works of art of inestimable value in the Florentine Gallery . Among the buildings devastated but , over time , you will begin to relate the "message " contained in the attack with the devastation of the Georgofili Academy , a research center attended by important members of the Grand Orient of Italy , the most important Italian Masonic , including the then chairman of the Senate Giovanni Spadolini , the then Minister of Research ScientificaUmberto Colombo , the rector Franco Scaramuzzi , the Minister for Agriculture Alfredo Diana, the former ministriGiuseppe Bartolomei and Pier Luigi Romita , and others.
On June 2 , Republic Day , the police spotted via the Sabines , near Palazzo Chigi , a Fiat Cinquecento with a box of ammonium nitrate , an explosive and a detonator from the quarry , along the path that morning would have make the prime minister Carlo Azeglio Ciampi to deposit a wreath at the monument to the unknown soldier .
27 luglioesplosero three bombs at Milanoin via Palestro , near the Pavilion of Contemporary Art and the Palace of Information, headquarters of the agency Ansa , resulting in 5 deaths (three firemen, a policeman and a citizen of Morocco , noticed smoke pouring out from a car) ; Eroma , where two bombs exploded , one near the entrance of the Vicariate of Rome, behind the Basilica of St. John Lateran , the other at the entrance of the church of San Giorgio in Velabrum . The bombs were identified as Roman attacks by symbolic references related to the world of Freemasonry , in particular for the church of San Giorgio in Velabrum where they meet the members of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of St. George.
In the night between 20 and 21 September a bomb without detonator was found in the station Ostiense on the arrow Etna, Siracusa- Turin. The discovery by the Roman Digos , on the recommendation of SISDE was followed ( October 3 months) after stopping the source , found in possession of explosives. On October 16 , the investigation started on this last episode led to the arrest of the station chief of SISDE of Genoa , the former policeman Augusto Maria Citanna , accused arrested by the informant previously had placed the bomb to take credit for finding .
Among the disturbing incidents of the summer of 1993 , on the night between 27 and 28 July , shortly after the espolosione of the three bombs in Milan and Rome , a mysterious Black Out he isolated the telephone lines of the Presidency of the Council, from 0:22 until 3:02 at night . Took care of the episode later also the parliamentary committee on Terrorism and was the subject of parliamentary questions that asked for an explanation of the functions of a smoke nellaSIP existing at the time , which since the 70s was able to isolate portions of the telephone network on national territory. The code name of the facility was PO / SRCS ( Staff Organization / Secretariat Reserved Special Circuits , which made reference to the Military Intelligence Service , ilSISMI ) . On 28 July 1993, meanwhile, the direction of SISDE , the civilian secret service , passed by Angelo Finocchiaro Dominic Salazar .
In the summer of 1993 began the discussion on the possibility of reform of the intelligence services , an issue which in Italian history , the three main reforms carried out , has always marked the warmer phases of the Republic.
The travel agency of the civilian secret services
The nervousness that had prompted the President of the Republic to the speech of 3 November , was due to the publication in the press of the first rumors about a scandal that began quietly, was beginning to lick the institutional leaders . In January 1993 , Judge Leonardo Frisani had accidentally discovered the strange failure of a travel agency , the Miura Travel to Rome (later Scilla Travel) , identifying a number of accounts that led up to the Republic of San Marino. In March of the same year , a seizure of documents of CESIS and SISDE Frisani ordered by the court , led to the discovery of what later became the scandal of the funds of SISDE blacks , a story that had already emerged ( as will become apparent from the documentation ) since since 1991 , by the Secretary General of the CESIS , Ambassador Francesco Paolo Fulci , and which had been concealed from Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti ( the Government between July 22, 1989 and June 28, 1992 ) .
Michael Fennel
The Miura Travel travel agency was created in 1988 , of which 60 % of the shares was held by two executives of SISDE , the chief of staff Michael Fennel ( a character that we also find in the story of the crime dell'Olgiata ) and the head of ' logistics office Gerardo Di Pasquale , through a nominee , Aurora Patrito , wife of Fennel , while the company also figured Alberto Luzzi , son of the private secretary of the director of SISDE , Matilda Martucci and the son of Paola Di Pasquale .
The sheer volume of business of the agency was due in large part to the fact that he had the exclusive for the organization of all the missions of the employees of SISDE , according to an internal memo issued in 1987 by the former director of the SISDE , the prefect Riccardo Malpica ; then a move deemed inappropriate by all experts in intelligence , because by doing so they were exposed men and activities of the civilian secret service in the country to easy detection by the enemy espionage organizations .
A year later, however , the business of Travel Miura began to wobble , following allegations of mismanagement among the members of the agency, with accusations of nepotism , which then ended up in legal proceedings before the Civil Court of Rome. The new director of SISDE , Alessandro Voices , started an internal investigation , which was entrusted to the superintendent Francis Sirleo , who dismissed it with a few lines on 23 July 1992 , stating that the two executives were acquitted in what appeared just be an internal affair . The head of SISDE was also reassured that Fennel and Di Pasquale had been removed from service , which it turned out not true .
The new government of Giuliano Amato ( from 28 June 1992-22 April 1993) , meanwhile, had been informed of the incident and had carried out an inspection at the office UCSI , responsible for issuing clearances for safety, from which emerged more details. The story remained concealed , while the secretariat delPSI even came to the Amato solicitation to appoint Deputy Director of SISDE Fennel , to which request the President of the Republic strongly opposed .
The judge Frisani , during an interrogation of the director of Voices SISDE Alexander , was then aware of the details of the story intrigued .
Maurizio Broccoli
From the accounts of the agency emerged accounting tricks " blacks funds " for about 14 billion pounds, deducted from the budget of SISDE and deposited in favor of five officials . Another 35 billion lire were then identified in San Marino. They ended up on the docket , and even in handcuffs after a short run, the former managing director of SISDE Maurizio Broccoli , and former head of the logistics department ( removed from service in 1991) , who had amassed great wealth and property , presumably the SISDE , though not indicated in the list of nominees of the secret services . The former director of SISDE , the prefect Riccardo Malpica ( arrested on 29 October) , his private secretary , Matilda Paola Martucci , a mysterious Mata Hari originally from Benevento , known as the " Empress " , who had unlimited power that allowed her to to spend large sums of service , continuing the activities even after the expiry of the security clearance . The son of the Empress , Alberto Luzzi turned out that he had received from his mother a significant funding to open a travel agency ( the Scylla Travel) Travel from the ashes of the Miura .
To finish on the register of suspects under arrest and then fuorono Antonio Galati, Rosa Maria Sorrentino, and of course the two members of the agency, Michael Fennel and Gerardo Di Pasquale . Other central character of the investigation became the architect Adolfo Salabè , appointed in 1963 " Gentleman of His Holiness " by Pope Paul VI , who thanks to his company had the task to get rid of funds from the budget of SISDE , through the provision of work estate , made for direct award on behalf of the civilian secret service , who were paid more than the 60/70 % more than the extent of the work actually performed . The solasocietà Frasa ( Salabè Brothers ) turned out to have been entrusted with three years of work for a total of 43 billion lire.
The scandal lapped at the institutional leaders , bringing the pot to a boil, making break into the famous cry unified networks " There I am ! " Of President Scalfaro , when the picture appeared in the papers of his daughter, Marianna Scalfaro , arm in arm with the architect Salabè .
With the funds reserved , Broccoli Frasa commissioned to work in the apartments of Ministers and institutional authorities . It emerged that, among other things , that works for 530 million pounds had been entrusted to the company to restructure Salabè Roman house of the minister dell'InternoVincenzo Scotti . The work was entrusted to an ordinary SISDE " made safe " because a suitable break in the water pipe , obliged to repay SISDE of damaged furniture Minister Scott. And so the Minister Scotti , at state expense , could papering the walls , buy new couches , new libraries, console 700, brass beds with headboards of 600, large and small sitting room furniture , tables, curtains , etc. . for nearly half a billion old lire .
The services of the group Salabè , highly coveted , costly They carried also in the homes of the Christian Democrat leader Ciriaco De Mita , Interior Minister Nicola Mancino and other public figures . The SISDE had also entered into arrangements with the hotels Salabè , such as the Residence Tirreno Tropea ( Calabria), where they were hosted ministers, prefects , generals, and other authorities at the expense of the civilian secret service . During the investigation also revealed a dark mediating role between Salabè and clans of the 'Ndrangheta Piromalli , Fish and Mancuso , to which the architect had also provided financial advice for investment in the capital.
Riccardo Malpica
A few days in prison were more than enough to compel , in late October 1993 to issue solemn Broccoli dichiarazionii magistrates , which revealed a picture that went far beyond the simple embezzlement and criminal conspiracy, unsettling the foundations of the republican institutions . Broccoli unelenco gave names of politicians, journalists, prefects and police on the payroll of the funds reserved SISDE . The former treasurer of the service, between 89 and 92 , Antonio Galati, proved instead to judges who, in 1982 , until 1992, every Minister of the Interior who had succeeded had received 100 million pounds a month through funds blacks of SISDE .
In the list of persons who had held that office was also on President Oscar Luigi Scalfaro . Among other personalities involved , there were also the former Minister of Defense Salvo went , the Grosseto prefect ( head of the department of Firefighters , Public Rescue and Civil Defense since 2006 and head of the Department for Civil Liberties and Immigration Ministry of Interior) Anna Maria D' Ascenzo , the superintendent of Catanzaro Gianni Carnival, and others.
One of the messages to unified networks of the President of the Republic , who meditated also resigned after newspapers began to emerge the first articles on the revelations of Broccoli and Galatians , disquieted the public because the facts belied the origin of the new Mafia season of bombs :
Before you tried with bombs , now with the most shameful and disgraceful scandals . It must remain steadfast and serene. I think the time has come to make a clear examination of the Italian reality to draw strong conclusions and effective. The big problem that we all together, head of state, legislative, executive and judicial branches , address and resolve is to do justice to those who have committed serious facts against the law and at the same time , to do no harm to life state and its image in the world. No one can stand to look in the face of this attempt to slow destruction of the State planning to be out of it . Or are we capable of reacting , considering crime offense , but defending to the death the innocent and our republican institutions , or condemn all the people and ourselves to attend this methodical attack , fatal to the life and work of every essential organ for the salvation of the democratic state .
The investigation ascertained that during the years of managing the prefect Malpica , between 1987 and 1991 , the cost of reserved funds ( Sec. 1117 budget SISDE ) were swollen up to the amount di328 billion and 536 million pounds . Charges for which documentation was destroyed every three months , which was not possible then we can investigate. The looting of the resources found and pocketed by the officials of the gang of SISDE , it turned out to be around 60 billion lire.
The trial , which opened April 26, 1994 brought an action against the band of SISDE resizing charges against political figures and names included in the list of Broccoli . In 2000, the final sentence , but of the more than 60 billion disappeared were returned only a few crumbs .
The strange story of the son of " Tsarina " Matilda Martucci , the " companion " Alberto Luzzi
The scandal of the funds of SISDE blacks also had a disturbing implication that affected the movement of the social centers Romans and the whole area of political antagonist of Marxist -Leninist ideology which made reference to the acronym MPA - Proletarian Anti-Capitalist Movement , participating in the cartel Europposizione .
Alberto Luzzi , son of the private secretary of the director of the Secret Service civilians, Matilda Paola Martucci , considered one of the founders , as well as director of a community center area of the Marxist Leninist Popular unCentro Initiative (CIP) , known as CIP Alexandria, structure operating since 1990, was also considered a member of the cooperative " geranium " and editor of the journal Assault Heaven. In 1988 Alberto Luzzi would then part of the collective student - editorial " Off the Banks " Radio Onda Rossa.
What is certain is that the real job of Alberto Luzzi , according to the 1995 report of the Parliamentary Committee for control over the security services is unequivocal: the employee SISDE .
The explosion of the scandal funds blacks SISDE brought out the social context of the Miura Travel and origin of the 350 million lire to open the new travel agency, Scilla Travelnella which agency had also worked other members of the CIP Alexandria, as Silvano Falessi , one of the founders of the CIP , in the role of " bellboy " . Silvano Falessi is the brother of Maurice Falessi fugitive in Algeria until, in 2004 , he was arrested with his girlfriend , Rita Algranati ( sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder of Fani ) , at the airport in Cairo, Egypt , on the arrest warrant issued by Italy to terrorism.
The Roman movement learned only from the newspapers the relationship between Luzzi and the secretary of the prefect Malpica , director of the civilian secret services . The Assault on the Sky magazine , known in those years for open apology for the Peruvian Maoist Shining Path movement , was the magazine area of MPA ( which later became ANA ) and had strong ties with Communist Initiative . A provision of some members of the CIP Alexandria, from a survey conducted by the Roman movement , would be to use an apartment bachelor pad , which was owned by the SISDE .
After an initial request for clarification to the CIP the story was later addressed in a national assembly of the anti-capitalist left , in which members of the MPA were physically forced out of the discussion. Luzzi disappeared from Rome , but the mysterious circumstances related to each other CIP Alexandrian not end there. On September 15, 1999 in Vienna, the Austrian police killed one of the historical leaders of the RAF , Horst Ludwig Meyer, and stopped her friend Andrea Martina Klump . In his pocket the two had lost identity documents results in September 1994 and in May 1995 by two militants Roman CIP Alexandria, Francesco Spinola and Monica Arini .
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